7th SpaceDecember 12, 2012
Decline in male circumcision in South Korea
by DaiSik Kim, Sung-Ae Koo and Myung-Geol Pang
To investigate the changing circumcision rate in South Korea in the
last decade and to propose underlying causes for this change, in the
context of the present fluctuating world-wide trends in circumcision.
Methods: From 2009 to 2011, 3,296 South Korean males (or their
parents) aged 0-64 years were asked about their circumcision status,
their age at circumcision, and their information level regarding
circumcision. We employed non-probability sampling considering the
sensitive questions on the study theme.
Results: Currently the age-standardized circumcision rate for South Korean males aged 14-29 is found to be 75.8%.
In an earlier study performed in 2002, the rate for the same age
group was 86.3%. Of particular interest, males aged 14-16 show a
circumcision rate of 56.4%, while the same age group 10 years ago
displayed a much higher percentage, at 88.4%.
In addition, the extraordinarily high circumcision rate of 95.2%
found 10 years ago for the 17-19 age group is now reduced to 74.4%.
Interestingly, of the circumcised males,
the percentage circumcised in the last decade was only 25.2%; i.e., the majority of the currently circumcised males had undergone the operation prior to 2002,
indicating that the actual change in the last decade is far greater.
Consistent with this conjecture, the 2002 survey showed that the
majority of circumcised males (75.7%) had undergone the operation in the
decade prior to that point. Focusing on the flagship age group of
14-16, this drop suggests that, considering the population structure of
Korean males, approximately
one million fewer circumcision operations have been performed in the last decade relative to the case of non-decline.
This decline is strongly correlated with the information available
through internet, newspapers, lectures, books, and television: within
the circumcised population, both the patients and their parents had less
prior knowledge regarding circumcision, other than information obtained
from person to person by oral communication. Within the uncircumcised
population, the prior knowledge was far greater, suggesting that
information discouraging circumcision played an important role.
Conclusion:
South Korean male circumcision is likely to be undergoing a steep decline.
The cause for this decline seems to be the increase in information available on the pros and cons of circumcision.
[Boys in South Korea are commonly
circumcised in late childhood or early puberty. They have input into the
decision that babies do not - the reason, cynics say, that circumcision
advocates press for the operation to be performed in infancy.]